Fraser Fir

Abies fraseri

Taxonomy

Division:
Coniferophyta | - Conifers
Family:
Pinaceae
Genus:
Abies
Species:
Abies fraseri

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Tree
Height:
More than 40 ft
Light Requirements:
Shade
Drought Tolerance:
High
Bloom Months:
apr
Bloom Colors:
Purple

Native Range

United States: Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia

Keystone Species Ranking

Caterpillar Keystone:
★☆☆☆☆ Based on number of butterfly and moth species using this genus as host plant (Source: National Wildlife Federation)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

fir coneworm (Dioryctria abietivorella), Manto Tussock Moth (Dasychira manto)

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
moist, well-drained, organic-rich soil
pH:
4.5 - 6.0 (acidic to slightly acidic)
Drainage:
excellent drainage required
Moisture:
consistently moist
Notes:
Native to high elevations in the Appalachian Mountains

Germination Information

Pre-treatment: Seeds are placed in fine mesh bags into a 1% hydrogen peroxide soak for 24 hours, rinsed, and placed in water for an additional 24 hours. Then, the seeds are stratified for 112 days under refrigeration at 1 to 3 °C. Regular checks for mold are necessary, with treatment using 1% hydrogen peroxide if mold is evident.

Establishment: Abies fraseri is native to the southern Appalachian Mountains and grows best in full sun or partial shade in rich, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils. It is found at high elevations in a cold, moist climate. There is a discrepancy in the stratification period between the two protocols, with one suggesting 45 days and the other 112 days.

Source: npn.rngr.net