Shortleaf Pine

Pinus echinata

Shortleaf Pine

Taxonomy

Division:
Coniferophyta | - Conifers
Family:
Pinaceae
Genus:
Pinus
Species:
Pinus echinata

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Tree
Height:
More than 40 ft
Light Requirements:
Part Shade
Drought Tolerance:
High
Bloom Months:
feb, mar
Bloom Colors:
Yellow

Native Range

United States: Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia

Keystone Species Ranking

Caterpillar Keystone:
★☆☆☆☆ Based on number of butterfly and moth species using this genus as host plant (Source: National Wildlife Federation)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Battaristis vittella, Confused Zale (Zale confusa), Eastern Panthea (Panthea furcilla), Giant Lophocampa (Lophocampa ingens), Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis), Moodna pallidostrinella, Nantucket pine tip moth (Rhyacionia frustrana), Pandora moth (Coloradia pandora), Petrova houseri, pine devil moth (Citheronia sepulcralis), pine needle sheathminer (Zelleria haimbachi), pine needleminer (Exoteleia pinifoliella), pitch pine looper (Lambdina pellucidaria), pitch pine tip moth (Rhyacionia rigidana), Shortleaf Pinecone Borer (Eucosma cocana), southern nepytia (Nepytia semiclusaria), Eastern Tailed-Blue (Incisalia niphon)

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
sandy, acidic, nutrient-poor soil
pH:
4.5 - 6.5 (acidic to slightly acidic)
Drainage:
excellent drainage required
Moisture:
dry to moderate
Notes:
Prefers dry, upland areas with poor fertility

Germination Information

Pre-treatment: Seeds are cold stratified for 30 to 60 days and germinate at 21 C or soaked in water for 24 hours and treated with Thiram fungiide.

Establishment: Seeds are purchased from local people who collect within a 50 mile radius of the nursery. Ovulate cones mature in two years, and are red-brown, ovoid to conic, 4 to 7 cm long and are borne singly or in clusters, and bear winged seeds with a body length of 6 mm and wing length of up to 16 mm. Seeds are dispersed from late October to November and the majority of seeds fall in 2 to 3 weeks after cone open.

Source: npn.rngr.net