Longleaf Pine

Pinus palustris

Longleaf Pine

Chuck Bargeron, University of Georgia

Taxonomy

Division:
Coniferophyta | - Conifers
Family:
Pinaceae
Genus:
Pinus
Species:
Pinus palustris

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Tree
Height:
More than 40 ft
Light Requirements:
Full Sun
Bloom Months:
jan, dec
Bloom Colors:
Brown

Native Range

United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia

Keystone Species Ranking

Caterpillar Keystone:
★☆☆☆☆ Based on number of butterfly and moth species using this genus as host plant (Source: National Wildlife Federation)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

blister coneworm moth (Dioryctria clarioralis), Coleotechnites chilcotti, Cydia anaranjada, Cydia ingens, Dioryctria abietella, Holcocera lepidophaga, Minta Tolype (Tolype minta), Pandora moth (Coloradia pandora), pine needleminer (Exoteleia pinifoliella), Satronia tantilla, Southern pine coneworm moth (Dioryctria amatella), Southern pine sphinx (Lapara coniferarum), Subtropical Pine Tip Moth (Rhyacionia subtropica), Tolype sp.

Reported Fauna Sightings

Butterflies:Black Swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes), Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia), Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia), Eastern Tiger Swallowtail (Pterourus glaucus), Eastern Tiger Swallowtail (Pterourus glaucus), Gulf Fritillary (Dione vanillae), Gulf Fritillary (Dione vanillae), Horace's Duskywing (Gesta Evans), Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta), Southern Pearly Eye (Lethe portlandia), Southern Pearly Eye (Lethe portlandia), Whirlabout (Polites vibex), Whirlabout (Polites vibex)

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
sandy, acidic, nutrient-poor soil
pH:
4.5 - 6.5 (acidic to slightly acidic)
Drainage:
excellent drainage required
Moisture:
dry to moderate
Notes:
Thrives in fire-prone ecosystems

Germination Information

Pre-treatment: Cold stratify seeds for 30-60 days. Treat seeds with Thiram or soak in 30% hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour or a 10 minute bath in benomyl solution (5g/L). Use seeds with at least 80% viability.

Establishment: Seeds are typically collected from Longleaf pine seed orchards in Texas, Louisana, Mississippi. Cones are collected in September and October, with seeds dispersing naturally from October to November. Obtaining good quality seeds is difficult. The natural range of Pinus palustris includes most of the Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plains from southeastern Virginia to eastern Texas and south through the the northern two thirds of pensisular Florida. It also grows in the Piedmont Ridge and Valley, and Mountain Provinces of Alabama and northwest Georgia.

Source: npn.rngr.net