Spotted Water Hemlock

Cicuta maculata

Native to:
Canada, Mexico, Prince Edward I., United States

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Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Apiaceae
Genus:
Cicuta
Species:
Cicuta maculata
USDA Symbol:
CIMA2

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Biennial | Perennial
Growth Habit:
Forb/herb
Height:
200 cm
Light Requirements:
Full Sun
Drought Tolerance:
Low
Bloom Months:
jun,jul,aug
Bloom Colors:
white

Wildlife Benefits

Bees:
★☆☆☆☆ Documented bee visitation (GBIF)
Caterpillars:
★★☆☆☆ Recorded caterpillar host plant (HOSTS Database)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Agonopterix clemensella, bird's-foot borer (Papaipema birdi), Depressaria cinereocostella, Depressaria juliella, Epermenia cicutaella, Anise Swallowtail (Papilio zelicaon), Black Swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes)

Reported Fauna Sightings

Butterflies:Black Swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes)

Garden & Ecology Notes

Wildlife Value:
bees, flies, wasps
Deer Resistant:
Yes

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
rich, wet, organic soil
pH:
5.5 - 7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)
Drainage:
tolerates poor drainage
Moisture:
consistently moist
Notes:
commonly found in marshes and wetlands

Propagation & Germination

Stratification:
Cold/moist stratification required — 60–90 days
Germination Time:
14–60 days
Notes:
Seeds require cold-moist stratification and light for germination. Germination can be erratic.

The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI