Taxonomy
- Division:
- Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
- Family:
- Asteraceae
- Genus:
- Cirsium
- Species:
- Cirsium ×iowense
Growth Characteristics- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Growth Habit:
- Forb/herb
- Height:
- 8-12 ft
- Light Requirements:
- Full Sun
- Drought Tolerance:
- Medium
- Bloom Months:
- jun, jul, aug, sep, oct
- Bloom Colors:
- White, Pink, Purple
Keystone Species Ranking- Bee Keystone:
- ★★☆☆☆
Based on number of native bee species using this genus for pollen and nectar (Source: National Wildlife Federation)
Reported Fauna Sightings
Bees: American bumble bee (Bombus pensylvanicus), American bumble bee (Bombus pensylvanicus), Ashton cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus bohemicus), Ashton cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus bohemicus), Black and gold bumble bee (Bombus auricomus), Black and gold bumble bee (Bombus auricomus), Black-tailed bumble bee (Bombus melanopygus), Black-tailed bumble bee (Bombus melanopygus), Brown-belted bumble bee (Bombus griseocollis), Brown-belted bumble bee (Bombus griseocollis), bumblebee (Bombus Latreille), bumblebee (Bombus Latreille), Central bumble bee (Bombus centralis), Central bumble bee (Bombus centralis), Common eastern bumble bee (Bombus impatiens), Common eastern bumble bee (Bombus impatiens), Confusing bumble bee (Bombus perplexus), Confusing bumble bee (Bombus perplexus), Crotch bumble bee (Bombus crotchii), Crotch bumble bee (Bombus crotchii), Cryptic bumble bee (Bombus cryptarum), Cryptic bumble bee (Bombus cryptarum), Fernald cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus flavidus), Fernald cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus flavidus), Forest bumble bee (Bombus sylvicola), Forest bumble bee (Bombus sylvicola), Frigid Bumble Bee (Bombus frigidus), Frigid Bumble Bee (Bombus frigidus), Fuzzy-horned bumble bee (Bombus mixtus), Fuzzy-horned bumble bee (Bombus mixtus), Half-black bumble bee (Bombus vagans), Half-black bumble bee (Bombus vagans), High country bumble bee (Bombus kirbiellus), High country bumble bee (Bombus kirbiellus), Hunt's bumble bee (Bombus huntii), Hunt's bumble bee (Bombus huntii), Indiscriminate cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus insularis), Indiscriminate cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus insularis), Lemon cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus citrinus), Lemon cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus citrinus), Morrison bumble bee (Bombus morrisoni), Morrison bumble bee (Bombus morrisoni), Nevada bumble bee (Bombus nevadensis), Nevada bumble bee (Bombus nevadensis), Northern amber bumble bee (Bombus borealis), Northern amber bumble bee (Bombus borealis), Obscure bumble bee (Bombus caliginosus), Obscure bumble bee (Bombus caliginosus), Red-belted bumble bee (Bombus rufocinctus), Red-belted bumble bee (Bombus rufocinctus), 🛑Rusty-patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis), 🛑Rusty-patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis), Sanderson bumble bee (Bombus sandersoni), Sanderson bumble bee (Bombus sandersoni), Sitka bumble bee (Bombus sitkensis), Sitka bumble bee (Bombus sitkensis), Southern plains bumble bee (Bombus fraternus), Southern plains bumble bee (Bombus fraternus), Tri-colored bumble bee (Bombus ternarius), Tri-colored bumble bee (Bombus ternarius), Two-form bumble bee (Bombus bifarius), Two-form bumble bee (Bombus bifarius), Two-spotted bumble bee (Bombus bimaculatus), Two-spotted bumble bee (Bombus bimaculatus), van Dyke bumble bee (Bombus vandykei), van Dyke bumble bee (Bombus vandykei), Western bumble bee (Bombus occidentalis), Western bumble bee (Bombus occidentalis), White-shouldered bumble bee (Bombus appositus), White-shouldered bumble bee (Bombus appositus), Yellow bumble bee (Bombus fervidus), Yellow bumble bee (Bombus fervidus), Yellow head bumble bee (Bombus flavifrons), Yellow head bumble bee (Bombus flavifrons), Yellow-banded bumble bee (Bombus terricola), Yellow-banded bumble bee (Bombus terricola), Yellow-faced bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii), Yellow-faced bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii) Butterflies:Acmon Blue (Plebejus acmon), Acmon Blue (Plebejus acmon), American Lady (Vanessa virginiensis), American Snout (Libytheana carinenta), American Snout (Libytheana carinenta), Anise Swallowtail (Papilio zelicaon), Anise Swallowtail (Papilio zelicaon), Appalachian Eyed Brown (Lethe appalachia), Appalachian Eyed Brown (Lethe appalachia), ⚠️Arogos Skipper (Atrytone arogos), ⚠️Arogos Skipper (Atrytone arogos), Atlantis fritillary (Speyeria atlantis), Atlantis fritillary (Speyeria atlantis), Barred Yellow (Eurema daira), Barred Yellow (Eurema daira), Black Swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes), Byssus Skipper (Problema byssus), Byssus Skipper (Problema byssus), (Pieris rapae), (Pieris rapae), California Sister (Adelpha californica), California Sister (Adelpha californica), Carolina Satyr (Hermeuptychia sosybius), Carolina Satyr (Hermeuptychia sosybius), Cassius Blue (Leptotes cassius), Cassius Blue (Leptotes cassius), Ceraunus Blue (Hemiargus ceraunus), Ceraunus Blue (Hemiargus ceraunus), Checkered White (Pontia protodice), Clouded Skipper (Lerema accius), Clouded Skipper (Lerema accius), Clouded Sulphur (Colias philodice), Clouded Sulphur (Colias philodice), Cloudless Sulphur (Phoebis sennae), Cloudless Sulphur (Phoebis sennae), Cloudywing sp. (Thorybes Scudder), Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia), Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia), Common Checkered-Skipper (Pyrgus communis), Common Checkered-Skipper (Pyrgus communis), Common Ringlet (North America) (Coenonympha california), Common Ringlet (North America) (Coenonympha california), Common Wood-Nymph (Cercyonis pegala), Common Wood-Nymph (Cercyonis pegala), Crescents (Phyciodes Hübner), Crossline Skipper (Limochores Scudder), Dainty Sulphur (Nathalis iole), Dainty Sulphur (Nathalis iole), Delaware Skipper (Anatrytone logan), Delaware Skipper (Anatrytone logan), ⚠️Diana Fritillary (Speyeria diana), ⚠️Diana Fritillary (Speyeria diana), Dion Skipper (Euphyes dion), Dion Skipper (Euphyes dion), Dorantes Longtail (Urbanus dorantes), Dorantes Longtail (Urbanus dorantes), Dotted Skipper (Hesperia attalus), Dotted Skipper (Hesperia attalus), Dreamy Duskywing (Erynnis icelus), Dreamy Duskywing (Erynnis icelus), Dun Skipper (Euphyes vestris), Dun Skipper (Euphyes vestris), Duskywing sp. (Erynnis Schrank), Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma), Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma), Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma), Eastern Giant Swallowtail (Heraclides cresphontes), Eastern Giant Swallowtail (Heraclides cresphontes), Eastern Tailed-Blue (Cupido comyntas), Eastern Tailed-Blue (Cupido comyntas), Eastern Tiger Swallowtail (Pterourus glaucus), Eastern Tiger Swallowtail (Pterourus glaucus), Eufala Skipper (Lerodea eufala), Eufala Skipper (Lerodea eufala), Field Skipper (Atalopedes campestris), Field Skipper (Atalopedes campestris), Fiery Skipper (Hylephila phyleus), Fiery Skipper (Hylephila phyleus), Georgia Satyr (Neonympha areolatus), Georgia Satyr (Neonympha areolatus), Golden-headed Scallopwing (Staphylus ceos), Golden-headed Scallopwing (Staphylus ceos), Gray Buckeye (Junonia grisea), Gray Buckeye (Junonia grisea), Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), Great Southern White (Ascia monuste), Great Southern White (Ascia monuste), Great Spangled Fritillary (Speyeria cybele), Great Spangled Fritillary (Argynnis cybele), Great Spangled Fritillary (Argynnis cybele), Gulf Fritillary (Dione vanillae), Gulf Fritillary (Dione vanillae), Hackberry Emperor (Asterocampa celtis), Hoary Edge (Achalarus lyciades), Horace's Duskywing (Gesta Evans), Lace-winged Roadside-Skipper (Amblyscirtes aesculapius), Lace-winged Roadside-Skipper (Amblyscirtes aesculapius), Large Heath (Coenonympha tullia), Least Skipper (Ancyloxypha numitor), Least Skipper (Ancyloxypha numitor), Leda Ministreak (Ministrymon leda), Leda Ministreak (Ministrymon leda), Little Glassywing (Vernia verna), Little Glassywing (Vernia verna), Little Wood Satyr (Megisto cymela), Little Wood Satyr (Megisto cymela), Little Yellow (Pyrisitia lisa), Little Yellow (Pyrisitia lisa), 🛑Loammi Skipper (Atrytonopsis loammi), 🛑Loammi Skipper (Atrytonopsis loammi), Marine Blue (Leptotes marina), Marine Blue (Leptotes marina), Mexican Yellow (Abaeis mexicana), Mexican Yellow (Abaeis mexicana), ⚠️Monarch (Danaus plexippus), (Asbolis capucinus), Mylitta Crescent (Phyciodes mylitta), Mylitta Crescent (Phyciodes mylitta), Northern Azure (Celastrina lucia), Northern Azure (Celastrina lucia), Northern Broken-Dash (Polites egeremet), Northern Cloudywing (Cecropterus Herrich-Schäffer), Northern Pearly-eye (Lethe anthedon), Northern Pearly-eye (Lethe anthedon), Northern White-Skipper (Heliopetes ericetorum), Northern White-Skipper (Heliopetes ericetorum), Oak Hairstreak (Satyrium favonius), Oak Hairstreak (Satyrium favonius), Orange Sulphur (Colias eurytheme), Orange Sulphur (Colias eurytheme), Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui), Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui), Palamedes Swallowtail (Pterourus palamedes), Palmetto Skipper (Euphyes arpa), Palmetto Skipper (Euphyes arpa), Pearl Crescent (Phyciodes tharos), Pearl Crescent (Phyciodes tharos), Peck's Skipper (Polites coras), Phaon Crescent (Phyciodes phaon), Phaon Crescent (Phyciodes phaon), Pipevine Swallowtail (Battus philenor), Pipevine Swallowtail (Battus philenor), Polites (Polites Scudder), Queen (Danaus gilippus), Queen (Danaus gilippus), Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis), Reakirt's Blue (Echinargus isola), Reakirt's Blue (Echinargus isola), Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta), Red-banded Hairstreak (Calycopis cecrops), Red-banded Hairstreak (Calycopis cecrops), Red-Spotted Purple (astyanax) (Limenitis arthemis), Red-Spotted Purple (astyanax) (Limenitis arthemis), Reversed Roadside-skipper (Amblyscirtes reversa), Reversed Roadside-skipper (Amblyscirtes reversa), Ringlets (Coenonympha Hübner), Sachem (Atalopedes Scudder), Silver-spotted Skipper (Epargyreus clarus), Silver-spotted Skipper (Epargyreus clarus), Silvery Checkerspot (Chlosyne nycteis), Silvery Checkerspot (Chlosyne nycteis), Sleepy Orange (Abaeis nicippe), Sleepy Orange (Abaeis nicippe), Small Copper (Lycaena phlaeas), Southern Broken-Dash (Polites otho), Spicebush Swallowtail (Pterourus troilus), Spring Azure (Celastrina ladon), Spring Azure (Celastrina ladon), Summer Azure (Celastrina neglecta), Summer Azure (Celastrina neglecta), Swarthy Skipper (Nastra lherminier), Swarthy Skipper (Nastra lherminier), Tawny-edged Skipper (Polites themistocles), Tawny-edged Skipper (Polites themistocles), Tiger Swallowtails and Allies (Pterourus Scopoli), Tropical Checkered-Skipper (Pyrgus oileus), Tropical Checkered-Skipper (Pyrgus oileus), Twin-spot Skipper (Oligoria maculata), Twin-spot Skipper (Oligoria maculata), Two-tailed Swallowtail (Pterourus multicaudatus), Variegated Fritillary (Euptoieta claudia), Variegated Fritillary (Euptoieta claudia), Viceroy (Limenitis archippus), Western Pygmy-Blue (Brephidium exilis), Western Pygmy-Blue (Brephidium exilis), Whirlabout (Polites vibex), Whirlabout (Polites vibex), White Peacock (Anartia jatrophae), White Peacock (Anartia jatrophae), White sp. (Pieris Schrank), witches (Euphyes-Pompeius-Wallengrenia sp.) (Euphyes Scudder), Woodland Skipper (Ochlodes sylvanoides), Woodland Skipper (Ochlodes sylvanoides), Yucca Giant-Skipper (Megathymus yuccae), Yucca Giant-Skipper (Megathymus yuccae), Zabulon Skipper (Poanes zabulon), Zabulon Skipper (Poanes zabulon), Zarucco Duskywing (Erynnis zarucco), Zarucco Duskywing (Erynnis zarucco), Zebra Swallowtail (Eurytides marcellus), Zebra Swallowtail (Eurytides marcellus), Zela Metalmark (Emesis zela), Zela Metalmark (Emesis zela)
Soil Requirements- Soil Type:
- rich, well-drained loamy soil
- pH:
- 5.5 - 7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Drainage:
- excellent drainage required
- Moisture:
- consistently moist
- Notes:
- Prefers open, sunny habitats with good air circulation
Germination Information
Pre-treatment: Cold-moist stratification for 30 days at 1–5°C (34–41°F). Source: OpenAI GPT-4o |
