European Alder
Alnus glutinosa
- Native to:
- Albania, Algeria, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corse, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Krym, Libya, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Norway, NW. Balkan Pen., Poland, Romania, Russia, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine
Didier Descouens
Taxonomy
- Division:
- Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
- Family:
- Betulaceae
- Genus:
- Alnus
- Species:
- Alnus glutinosa
- USDA Symbol:
- ALGL2
Growth Characteristics
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Growth Habit:
- Tree
- Height:
- 2500 cm
- Light Requirements:
- Full Sun
- Drought Tolerance:
- Low
- Bloom Months:
- feb,mar,apr
Wildlife Benefits
- Caterpillars:
- ★☆☆☆☆ Recorded caterpillar host plant (HOSTS Database)
Keystone Species Ranking
- Caterpillar Keystone:
- ★★★★★ Butterfly & moth species supported by this genus (NWF)
Host Plant for Caterpillars
Caloptilia glutinella, Cecropia moth (Hyalophora cecropia)
Garden & Ecology Notes
- Wildlife Value:
- birds, small mammals, aquatic invertebrates
- Deer Resistant:
- Yes
Soil Requirements
- Soil Type:
- moist, nutrient-rich, clay or loam
- pH:
- 5.5 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Drainage:
- tolerates poor drainage
- Moisture:
- consistently moist
- Notes:
- thrives in waterlogged conditions, often found near rivers and wetlands
Propagation & Germination
- Stratification:
- Cold/moist stratification required — 30–90 days
- Germination Time:
- 14–30 days
- Notes:
- Seeds require light for germination and should be surface-sown. Viability is short-lived, best sown fresh in fall or spring after cold stratification.
The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI