Dwarf Birch

Betula nana

Dwarf Birch

USDA photo, uploader user:MPF

Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Betulaceae
Genus:
Betula
Species:
Betula nana

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Shrub , Subshrub
Height:
6 in - 1 ft
Light Requirements:
Full Sun, Part Shade
Drought Tolerance:
High
Bloom Months:
apr, may
Bloom Colors:
Green
Ground Cover:
Yes
Landscaping Shrub:
Yes

Native Range

United States: Alaska, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wyoming, Canada: Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Saskatchewan, Yukon

Keystone Species Ranking

Caterpillar Keystone:
★☆☆☆☆ Based on number of butterfly and moth species using this genus as host plant (Source: National Wildlife Federation)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Eupithecia misturata, Itame occiduaria, Lobed Looper (Syngrapha interrogationis), Spiramater lutra, Swammerdamia caesiella, Syngrapha diasema, Xestia speciosa, Xestia tecta

Reported Fauna Sightings

Butterflies:Arctic White (Pieris angelika), Arctic White (Pieris angelika), Bog Fritillary (Boloria eunomia), Bog Fritillary (Boloria eunomia), Canadian Tiger Swallowtail (Pterourus canadensis), Clouded Sulphur (Colias philodice), Clouded Sulphur (Colias philodice), Cranberry Blue (Plebejus optilete), Cranberry Blue (Plebejus optilete), Large Heath (Coenonympha tullia), Northern Blue (Plebejus idas), Northern Blue (Plebejus idas), Ross's Alpine (Erebia rossii), Ross's Alpine (Erebia rossii), Western Arctic Skipper (Carterocephalus skada), Western Tailed-Blue (Cupido amyntula), Western Tailed-Blue (Cupido amyntula), White-veined Arctic (Oeneis bore), White-veined Arctic (Oeneis bore), Yellow Dotted Alpine (Erebia pawloskii)

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
peaty, nutrient-poor, acidic soil
pH:
4.5 - 6.0 (acidic to slightly acidic)
Drainage:
tolerates poor drainage
Moisture:
consistently moist
Notes:
commonly found in bogs and tundra

Germination Information

Pre-treatment: Seeds are placed in cold moist stratification for 14 days if sown outside Fall season. No pretreatment necessary if sown in the Fall.

Establishment: B. nana is found throughout the arctic and subarctic regions of the Northern hemisphere; in North America, Europe and Asia. Most of Alaska eastward through YT, NT, and Nunavut to Hudson Bay and dipping into extreme northern BC, AB, SK, and MB. Collection made in late summer/early Fall.

Source: npn.rngr.net