European Bellflower
Campanula bononiensis
- Native to:
- Albania, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czechia-Slovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Krym, NW. Balkan Pen., Poland, Romania, Russia, Switzerland, Ukraine
Agnieszka Kwiecień, Nova
Taxonomy
- Division:
- Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
- Family:
- Campanulaceae
- Genus:
- Campanula
- Species:
- Campanula bononiensis
- USDA Symbol:
- CABO8
Growth Characteristics
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Growth Habit:
- Forb/herb
- Height:
- 100 cm
- Light Requirements:
- Full Sun,Part Shade
- Drought Tolerance:
- Medium
- Bloom Months:
- jun,jul,aug,sep
- Bloom Colors:
- blue, violet, purple
Wildlife Benefits
- Bees:
- ★☆☆☆☆ Documented bee visitation (GBIF)
- Butterflies & Moths:
- ★☆☆☆☆ Documented Lepidoptera association (GBIF)
Garden & Ecology Notes
- Wildlife Value:
- bees, butterflies
- Deer Resistant:
- Yes
Soil Requirements
- Soil Type:
- well-drained, calcareous, rocky soil
- pH:
- 6.0 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
- Drainage:
- excellent drainage required
- Moisture:
- dry to moderate
- Notes:
- prefers limestone-rich substrates
Propagation & Germination
- Stratification:
- Cold/moist stratification required — 30–60 days
- Germination Time:
- 14–30 days
- Notes:
- Seeds require light for germination; surface sow or barely cover. Cool temperatures preferred.
The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI
ORGHPS Germination Guide: No germination information. Educated guess may be provided.