Desert Ironwood
Olneya tesota
- Native to:
- Mexico, United States
Thayne Tuason





Taxonomy
- Division:
- Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
- Family:
- Fabaceae
- Genus:
- Olneya
- Species:
- Olneya tesota
- USDA Symbol:
- OLTE
Growth Characteristics
- Life Cycle:
- Perennial
- Growth Habit:
- Shrub , Tree
- Height:
- 900 cm
- Light Requirements:
- Full Sun
- Drought Tolerance:
- High
- Bloom Months:
- apr,may,jun
- Bloom Colors:
- white, pink, lavender, purple
Wildlife Benefits
- Bees:
- ★☆☆☆☆ Documented bee visitation (GBIF)
- Butterflies & Moths:
- ★☆☆☆☆ Documented Lepidoptera association (GBIF)
- Caterpillars:
- ★☆☆☆☆ Recorded caterpillar host plant (HOSTS Database)
Host Plant for Caterpillars
Funereal Duskywing (Erynnis funeralis)
Reported Fauna Sightings
Hummingbirds: Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna)
Garden & Ecology Notes
- Wildlife Value:
- bees, birds, small mammals, desert tortoises
- Deer Resistant:
- Yes
- Fragrant:
- Yes
- Fire Ecology:
- Fire adapted — tolerates or benefits from fire
- Fire Notes:
- Mature trees can resprout from the base after fire damage. Dense wood and thick bark provide some fire resistance.
Soil Requirements
- Soil Type:
- rocky, well-drained desert soil
- pH:
- 6.0 - 8.0 (neutral to slightly alkaline)
- Drainage:
- excellent drainage required
- Moisture:
- dry to very dry
- Notes:
- native to arid desert regions
Propagation & Germination
- Stratification:
- None required
- Scarification:
- Seed coat scarification required before sowing
- Germination Time:
- 7–30 days
- Notes:
- Hard seed coat requires scarification (nicking or hot water treatment). Seeds germinate readily in warm conditions after scarification.
The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI
Pre-treatment: Soak seeds in water for 24 hours before planting. No scarification needed. Alternatively, seeds can be directly sown to blotter paper without any pretreatment.
Establishment: Different trees will flower more or less each year depending upon rainfall in immediate area. Seeds are collected from mid June to mid July or in August when pods have matured and begin to split open. The plant is found in arid areas of Southern California, Arizona and Lower California.
Source: npn.rngr.net