Umbrella Thorn

Vachellia tortilis

Native to:
Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Burkina, Caprivi Strip, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gulf States, Kenya, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

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Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Fabaceae
Genus:
Vachellia
Species:
Vachellia tortilis
USDA Symbol:
VATO

Growth Characteristics

Height:
2100 cm
Light Requirements:
Full Sun
Drought Tolerance:
High
Bloom Months:
mar,apr,may,jun
Bloom Colors:
white, cream, yellow

Garden & Ecology Notes

Wildlife Value:
birds, mammals, bees, giraffes, antelopes
Salt Tolerant:
Yes
Fragrant:
Yes
Fire Ecology:
Fire adapted — tolerates or benefits from fire
Fire Notes:
Resprouts vigorously from roots and stem base after fire. Thick bark provides some fire protection on mature specimens.

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
sandy, well-drained, nutrient-poor soil
pH:
6.0 - 8.5 (slightly acidic to alkaline)
Drainage:
excellent drainage required
Moisture:
dry to moderate
Notes:
thrives in arid and semi-arid regions

Propagation & Germination

Stratification:
None required
Scarification:
Seed coat scarification required before sowing
Germination Time:
7–21 days
Notes:
Hard seed coat requires scarification (hot water treatment or mechanical nicking) for successful germination. Seeds germinate readily after treatment.

The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI