Bird Vetch

Vicia cracca

Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Corse, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., Finland, Føroyar, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Labrador, Lebanon-Syria, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Norway, NW. Balkan Pen., Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine

📍 View on iNaturalist →

Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Fabaceae
Genus:
Vicia
Species:
Vicia cracca
USDA Symbol:
VICR

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Forb/herb , Vine
Height:
180 cm
Light Requirements:
Full Sun
Drought Tolerance:
Medium
Bloom Months:
may,jun,jul,aug,sep
Bloom Colors:
purple, violet, blue

Wildlife Benefits

Bees:
★☆☆☆☆ Documented bee visitation (GBIF)
Butterflies & Moths:
★☆☆☆☆ Documented Lepidoptera association (GBIF)
Caterpillars:
★★☆☆☆ Recorded caterpillar host plant (HOSTS Database)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Anaplectoides pressus, Euagrotis illapsa, Eversmann's rustic (Actebia fennica), Orange Sulphur (Colias eurytheme), Reverdin's blue (Lycaeides argyrognomon), Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus)

Reported Fauna Sightings

Bees: Black and (Bombus auricomus), Bombus Latreille, Brown-belted bumble (Bombus griseocollis), Common eastern (Bombus impatiens), Confusing bumble (Bombus perplexus), Half-black bumble (Bombus vagans), Northern amber (Bombus borealis), Red-belted bumble (Bombus rufocinctus), 🛑Rusty-patched bumble (Bombus affinis), Tri-colored bumble (Bombus ternarius), Two-spotted bumble (Bombus bimaculatus), Yellow bumble (Bombus fervidus), Yellow-banded bumble (Bombus terricola)

Garden & Ecology Notes

Wildlife Value:
bees, butterflies, birds

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
fertile, well-drained loamy soil
pH:
5.5 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
Drainage:
tolerates poor drainage
Moisture:
consistently moist
Notes:
Common in meadows and grasslands; prefers nitrogen-rich soils

Propagation & Germination

Stratification:
Cold/moist stratification required — 30–60 days
Scarification:
Seed coat scarification required before sowing
Germination Time:
14–28 days
Notes:
Scarification improves germination; seeds have hard seed coat. Can also be soaked in warm water overnight as alternative to mechanical scarification.

The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI

ORGHPS Germination Guide: Sow @ 20C. Germinates within 3 months. Requires soaking 24-48 hrs; discard floaters.

Source: Ontario Rock Garden & Hardy Plant Society