Timothy

Phleum pratense

Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Poaceae
Genus:
Phleum
Species:
Phleum pratense

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Graminoid
Height:
4-6 ft
Light Requirements:
Full Sun
Drought Tolerance:
High
Bloom Months:
mar, apr, may, jun, jul, aug

Native Range

United States: Alaska, Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming, Canada: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Antaeotricha stenoma, Apamea finitima, Army cutworm (Euxoa auxiliaris), Armyworm moth (Pseudaletia unipuncta), Bronzed Cutworm (Nephelodes minians), changeable grass-veneer (Fissicrambus mutabilis), Clemens' clepsis moth (Clepsis clemensiana), Euagrotis illapsa, Eversmann's rustic (Actebia fennica), Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), false wainscot (Leucania pseudargyria), Faronta albilinea, Faronta diffusa, Flounced Chestnut (Agrochola helvola), fractured brocade (Oligia fractilinea), glassy cutworm (Apamea devastator), Mesapamea stipata, Putnam's Looper (Plusia putnami), Rusty Shoulder-knot (Apamea sordens), stalk borer moth (Papaipema nebris), Trichordestra lilacina, Variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia), Virginia Ctenucha (Ctenucha virginica), Wandering Tiger Moth (Spilosoma vagans), white triangle tortrix (Clepsis persicana), zebra caterpillar moth (Melanchra picta), Essex Skipper (Thymelicus lineola), Long Dash (Polites mystic)

Reported Fauna Sightings

Bees: Fuzzy-horned bumble bee (Bombus mixtus), Fuzzy-horned bumble bee (Bombus mixtus), Indiscriminate cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus insularis), Indiscriminate cuckoo bumble bee (Bombus insularis), Nevada bumble bee (Bombus nevadensis), Nevada bumble bee (Bombus nevadensis), Two-form bumble bee (Bombus bifarius), Two-form bumble bee (Bombus bifarius) Butterflies:Aphrodite Fritillary (Argynnis aphrodite), Common Wood-Nymph (Cercyonis pegala), Common Wood-Nymph (Cercyonis pegala), Coral Hairstreak (Satyrium titus), Coral Hairstreak (Satyrium titus), Eastern Tailed-Blue (Cupido comyntas), Eastern Tailed-Blue (Cupido comyntas), Great Spangled Fritillary (Argynnis cybele), Great Spangled Fritillary (Argynnis cybele), Pearl Crescent (Phyciodes tharos), Pearl Crescent (Phyciodes tharos), Tawny Emperor (Asterocampa clyton)

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
fertile, well-drained loamy soil
pH:
5.5 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
Drainage:
good drainage preferred
Moisture:
consistently moist
Notes:
prefers cool, temperate climates