Black Willow

Salix nigra

Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Salicaceae
Genus:
Salix
Species:
Salix nigra

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Perennial
Growth Habit:
Tree
Height:
More than 40 ft
Light Requirements:
Full Sun, Part Shade, Shade
Drought Tolerance:
High
Bloom Months:
feb, mar, apr, may, jun, jul
Bloom Colors:
Yellow

Native Range

United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Canada: Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec

Keystone Species Ranking

Caterpillar Keystone:
★☆☆☆☆ Based on number of butterfly and moth species using this genus as host plant (Source: National Wildlife Federation)
Bee Keystone:
★☆☆☆☆ Based on number of native bee species using this genus for pollen and nectar (Source: National Wildlife Federation)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Cecropia moth (Hyalophora cecropia), Columbia silk moth (Hyalophora columbia), Darling Underwing (Catocala cara), Io moth (Automeris io), Mother Underwing (Catocala parta), Notodonta scitipennis, Acadian Hairstreak (Satyrium acadicum), Mourning Cloak (Nymphalis antiopa), Viceroy (Basilarchia archippus)

Reported Fauna Sightings

Bees: Bombus impatiens (Bombus impatiens), Bombus impatiens (Bombus impatiens), Bombus perplexus (Bombus perplexus), Bombus perplexus (Bombus perplexus), Bombus ternarius (Bombus ternarius), Bombus ternarius (Bombus ternarius), bumblebee (Bombus Latreille), bumblebee (Bombus Latreille)

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
moist, nutrient-rich alluvial soil
pH:
5.5 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
Drainage:
tolerates poor drainage
Moisture:
consistently moist
Notes:
commonly found along riverbanks and floodplains

Germination Information

Pre-treatment: Cuttings are stuck to a depth of 10 cm in a 2:1:1 peat:perlite:vermiculite mixture. A controlled release fertilizer 14-14-14 (N-P-K) 3 -4 month is incorporated into the media at the rate of 4 kg/m3. Cuttings are watered and kept moist throughout the rooting period using an intermittent misting schedule.

Establishment: Stem cuttings are taken from dormant trees grown in the Mora River Valley in north central New Mexico. Cuttings are sealed in polybags to prevent desiccation, and brought to the nursery on ice in coolers. Cuttings are then placed in a walk-in cooler (2 - 4°C) for storage. The earlier the cuttings are taken (late February through March) the longer the cuttings can be stored before bud burst occurs during storage. Once bud burst occurs, rooting success drops quickly.

Source: npn.rngr.net