Taxonomy

Division:

Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants

Family:

Tiliaceae

Genus:

Tilia

Species:

Tilia ×europaea

USDA Symbol:

TIEU4

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:

Perennial

Growth Habit:

Tree

Height:

4000 cm

Light Requirements:

Full Sun

Drought Tolerance:

Medium

Bloom Months:

jun,jul

Bloom Colors:

yellow, cream

Food Forest:

Contains edible parts

Keystone Species Ranking

Caterpillar Keystone:

★★★★★ Butterfly & moth species supported by this genus (NWF)

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Garden & Ecology Notes

Wildlife Value:

bees, butterflies, birds

Fragrant:

Yes

Fall Color:

yellow

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:

rich, well-drained loamy soil

pH:

5.5 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)

Drainage:

tolerates poor drainage

Moisture:

consistently moist

Notes:

Prefers fertile soils with good organic matter

Propagation & Germination

Stratification:

Warm then cold/moist stratification (double dormancy) — 150–240 days

Germination Time:

14–60 days

Notes:

Seeds exhibit double dormancy requiring warm stratification followed by cold stratification; germination can be erratic and may take two years.

The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI