Riverbank Vervain

Verbena officinalis var. officinalis

Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Australia, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Corse, Cyprus, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Hainan, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Netherlands, North Caucasus, NW. Balkan Pen., Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Thailand, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Western Sahara

Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Verbenaceae
Genus:
Verbena
Species:
Verbena officinalis var. officinalis
USDA Symbol:
VERI3

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Annual
Growth Habit:
Forb/herb
Height:
80 cm
Drought Tolerance:
Medium
Bloom Months:
jun,jul,aug,sep
Bloom Colors:
pink, purple, lavender

Wildlife Benefits

Bees:
★☆☆☆☆ Documented bee visitation (GBIF)
Butterflies & Moths:
★☆☆☆☆ Documented Lepidoptera association (GBIF)

Garden & Ecology Notes

Wildlife Value:
bees, butterflies
Deer Resistant:
Yes

Propagation & Germination

Stratification:
Cold/moist stratification required — 30–60 days
Germination Time:
14–28 days
Notes:
Seeds require light for germination; surface sow and do not cover. Cool temperatures (15-18°C) improve germination rates.

The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI