Black Mustard

Mutarda nigra

Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Corse, Czechia-Slovakia, East Aegean Is., Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Greece, Gulf States, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kriti, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, NW. Balkan Pen., Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, Sinai, Spain, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine

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Taxonomy

Division:
Magnoliophyta | - Flowering plants
Family:
Brassicaceae
Genus:
Mutarda
Species:
Mutarda nigra
USDA Symbol:
BRNI

Growth Characteristics

Life Cycle:
Annual
Growth Habit:
Forb/herb
Height:
120 cm
Light Requirements:
Full Sun
Drought Tolerance:
Medium
Bloom Months:
may,jun,jul,aug
Bloom Colors:
yellow

Host Plant for Caterpillars

Agrotis orthogonia, Army cutworm (Euxoa auxiliaris), Black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), Cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), Copablepharon viridisparsa, Painted Tiger Moth (Arachnis picta), Pale-banded Dart (Agnorisma badinodis), spotted eustixia moth (Eustixia pupula), Variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia), Becker's white (Pontia beckerii), Checkered White (Pontia protodice), Large Marble (Euchloe ausonides), Sara Orangetip (Anthocharis sara), Small White (Pieris rapae), Western white (Pontia occidentalis)

Reported Fauna Sightings

Bees: ⚠️Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) Moths:Salt Marsh Moth (Estigmene acrea) Butterflies:Checkered White (Pontia protodice)

Garden & Ecology Notes

Wildlife Value:
birds

Soil Requirements

Soil Type:
rich, well-drained loamy soil
pH:
6.0 - 7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
Drainage:
excellent drainage required
Moisture:
dry to moderate
Notes:
native to Mediterranean regions

Propagation & Germination

Stratification:
None required
Germination Time:
5–14 days
Notes:
Seeds germinate readily without pretreatment in cool to warm conditions.

The above propagation data sourced from Claude AI